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INDONESIA
Jurnal Kesehatan Lingkungan indonesia
Published by Universitas Diponegoro
ISSN : 14124939     EISSN : 25027085     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health, Social,
Environmental Science Public Health
Jurnal Kesehatan Lingkungan Indonesia (JKLI, p-ISSN: 1412-4939, e-ISSN:2502-7085, http://ejournal.undip.ac.id/index.php/jkli) provides a forum for publishing the original research articles related to: Environmental Health Environmental Epidemiology Environmental Health Risk Assessment Environmental Health Technology Environmental-Based Diseases Environmental Toxicology Water and Sanitation Waste Management Pesticides Exposure Vector Control Food Safety
Arjuna Subject : Profesi Kesehatan - Profesi Kesehatan (Lain-Lain)
Articles 14 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol 11, No 1 (2012): April 2012" : 14 Documents clear
Analisis Faktor-Faktor Yang Berhubungan Dengan Keracunan Merkuri Pada Penambang Emas Tradisional di Desa Jendi Kecamatan Selogiri Kabupaten Wonogiri Rianto, Sugeng; Setiani, Onny; Budiyono, Budiyono
Jurnal Kesehatan Lingkungan Indonesia Vol 11, No 1 (2012): April 2012
Publisher : Master Program of Environmental Health, Faculty of Public Health, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jkli.11.1.54-60

Abstract

Background : Gold mining at Jendi Village, Selogiri Subdistrict, Wonogiri District is artisanal gold mining without a permit/artisanal mining. The activity of gold mining was carried on traditional methode without a good planning techniques and lack of equipments, which is system of underground mines through making tunel and dweel following quartz vein direction that was predicted have a high gold content. The gold mining at Wonogiri District is divided into some groups which can produce gold in 1-2 grams average per day. Processing system use  mix-mercury whereas it can be potentially cause environmental pollution and health problems for communities and workers. The goal of research is to analyse factors which is associated with mercury poisoning of gold mining workers at Jendi Village, Selogiri Subdistrict, Wonogiri District. Methods : This research is was an Explanatory Research with cross sectional approach. Sample was selected using systematic probability sampling. The total of samples were taken 60 workers. The research was taken through laboratory investigation mercury level in blood and interview guide, those were exceed than normal standard by WHO analyzed with Chi Square and Logisttic Regression test. Results: The characteristics of respondents are 17-60 years old, 1 month – 29 years worked periode with 1-18 hours per day. From 60 samples, there were 9 workers using masker, 1 worker using glass eye, 23 workers using boots, 9 workers using long clothes and 27 workers never using self personal protection equipment along doing work. There was found no correlation between periode of work,  total of mix mercury used in mining and using personal protective equipments with mercury level in blood. The finding 40 people (66,67%) has mercury poisoning. The most influenced variable to the mercury poisoning is working days in a week and working time in a day of the Traditional Gold Miner at Jendi Village, Selogiri Subdistrict, Wonogiri District. Keywords : Mercury poisoning, Workers, Gold mining
Faktor Risiko Lingkungan Kejadian Leptospirosis di Jawa Tengah (Studi Kasus di Kota Semarang, Kabupaten Demak dan Pati) Riyaningsih, Riyaningsih; Hadisaputro, Suharyo; suhartono, suhartono
Jurnal Kesehatan Lingkungan Indonesia Vol 11, No 1 (2012): April 2012
Publisher : Master Program of Environmental Health, Faculty of Public Health, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jkli.11.1.87-94

Abstract

Background : Leptospirosis is zoonotic disease caused by Leptospira bacteria and transmitted to human through contact with animal urine and contaminated environment.The number of cases increased since 2005, particulary Semarang, Demak, and Pati regency. The purpose of this study is to analyze environmental risk factors related to leptospirosis incidence in Central Java. Method : This research was an explanatory research with  observational method using  case control design. The subjects were 60 cases and 60 controls recruted with  inclusion criteria. Diagnosis  of control was based on  clinical diagnosis and examination of blood sample with  Leptotek Lateral Flow. The data was analyzed in univariate, bivariate and multivariate tests using logistic regression. Result : The results of this research found that  physical environmental factors that influenced the incidence of leptospirosis were stagnant water of the ditch (OR = 3.5; 95% CI: 1,282-9,301; p = 0.014) and habit of taking bath  or washing in the river (OR = 7.5; 95% CI: 1.534- 36.185; p = 0.014). Recomendation: It was sugested for Health Departement to control the risk factors of physical environment by cooperating with relevant agencies, especially PROKASIH (Clean River Program). People need to keep cleaning the house and the neighborhood, especially the existence of  pools of water around the house and do not get a shower and take out the trash / dead mouse in a river. Keywords : Leptospirosis, Environment, Risk Factors
Hubungan Paparan Pestisida Dengan Kandungan Arsen (As) Dalam Urin dan Kejadian Anemia (Studi : Pada Petani Penyemprot Pestisida di Kabupaten Brebes) Fikri, Elanda; Setiani, Onny; Nurjazuli, Nurjazuli
Jurnal Kesehatan Lingkungan Indonesia Vol 11, No 1 (2012): April 2012
Publisher : Master Program of Environmental Health, Faculty of Public Health, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jkli.11.1.29-37

Abstract

Background : Brebes as the largest users of pesticides (insecticide and  fungicide) in Indonesia, have potential for the occurrence of pesticide poisoning which will give effect on health. Impacts of pesticide exposure with the incidence of anemia using indicators arsenic (As) in urine has not been known. This research aimed to identify  association between pesticide exposure with the level of arsenic (As) in urine and incidence of anemia. Methods : this research was an observational research  using a cross sectional design, with  32 samples farmer were taken by purposive sampling. Data levels of arsenic in urine in a test using spectrophotometry, while the haemoglobin concentration measured by Hemocue Hb201+, and for other data obtained by interview. Data analysis performed using Kendall-tau test (α = 0.05). Result : study showed level of arsenic (As) still below threshold limit value (NAB=<35 µg/l), the highest = 14.45 µg/l, the lowest = 1.40 µg/l, mean= 5.1137 µg/l and SD=3.271. While hemoglobin concentration with the results of five respondents (+) anemia, the highest=16.8 gr%, the lowest=11.3 gr%, mean= 14.159 gr%  and SD=1.069. Statistical test results showed there was no significant association between doses of  pesticides (p-value: 0.232), combinations of pesticides (p-value: 0.532), working hour/day (p-value: 0.797), duration of working (p-value: 0.515) and intensity of spraying (p-value: 0.834) with the level of arsenic (As) in urine and incidence of anemia (p-value: 0.152). T-test results showed average levels of arsenic (As) tend to be higher in respondents with duration of working  (> 3 years) and working hour/day (≥ 3 hours/day) exposed to pesticides. Conclusion : The small sample size and  indication of long term exposure is a potential factor in strengthening the conclusion there was no significant association between pesticides exposure, level of arsenic (As) in urine and incidence of anemia. Key words : Anemia, Arsenic, Pesticides Exposure
Faktor Risiko Lingkungan Fisik Rumah dan Karakteristik Wilayah Sebagai Determinan Kejadian Penyakit Tuberkulosis Paru di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Sentani Kabupaten Jayapura Provinsi Papua Christian Ayomi, Andreas; Setiani, Onny; Joko, Tri
Jurnal Kesehatan Lingkungan Indonesia Vol 11, No 1 (2012): April 2012
Publisher : Master Program of Environmental Health, Faculty of Public Health, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jkli.11.1.1-8

Abstract

Background: Lung Tuberculosis is caused by pathogen bacteria Mycobacterium tuberculosis and has infected a third of the world population. The incidence of Pulmonary Tuberculosis in industrialized countries for the last 40 years indicates that prevalence rate is very small, whereas 95% of the sufferers in developing countries are approximately 8 million people. They are infected by Pulmonary Tuberculosis with 3 million of death rate per year. Pulmonary Tuberculosis in Indonesia according to WHO (1999 and 2004), is as many as 583,000 cases: 140,000 for death and 13/100.000 people are new patients. Papua province in 2007 has the number of new patients with smear Basil (BTA) (+) amounting 1535 patients, more than half of the patients are those who are between 15-45 years of age or equal to 933 cases. If such a condition continues, Papua Province will lose productive human resources. Methods: This research was aimed to determine risk factors of physical environment in housing and regional characteristics of pulmonary tuberculosis in the working area of Public Health Centre, Sentani, Jayapura Regency, Papua Province. Type of the study was an observational study with case control approach. Subjects of the research were 106 respondents, consisting of 53 cases and 53 controls. Statistical analysis was done by Chi-square test, the relationship of risk factors with the occurrence of tuberculosis (by using univariate and bivariate analysis), and then multivariate analysis with logistic regression test. Results: The result of bivariate analysis showed that there is a relationship between factors type of house (p = 0,031), natural lighting (p = 0.004), the existence among of direct sunlight (p = 0.020), house ventilation (p = 0.020), bedroom ventilation (p = 0.003),  humidity of bedroom (p = 0.000), temperature of bedroom (p = 0.000), house density  (0,004), and type of house floor (0.001), whereas the result of multivariate analysis shows that risk factors for pulmonary tuberculosis is bedroom ventilation (OR = 16.949), temperature of bedroom (OR = 8.913), and type of house floor (OR = 4.575), and as protective factor is house ventilation (OR = 0.036). Conclusions: In this research, all of variables studied have significant relationships and 3 variables which are risk factors for the occurrence of tuberculosis, namely, bedroom ventilation, temperature of bedroom, and type of house floor.   Key words: Pulmonary Tuberculosis, Environmental Characteristics, Regional Characteristics.
Studi Kondisi Lingkungan Rumah dan Perilaku Masyarakat Sebagai Faktor Risiko Kejadian Filariasis di Kecamatan Buaran dan Tirto Kabupaten Pekalongan Syuhada, Yudi; Nurjazuli, Nurjazuli; Endah Wahyuningsih, Nur
Jurnal Kesehatan Lingkungan Indonesia Vol 11, No 1 (2012): April 2012
Publisher : Master Program of Environmental Health, Faculty of Public Health, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jkli.11.1.95-101

Abstract

Background: Filariasis is contagious disease that caused by microfilaria and fillaria parasite and it transmitted by mosquito bite. Indonesia is endemic fillariasis with high cases of  Filariasis (Mf rate) 3,2%. Buaran and Tirto district In 2010, is  endemic filariasis area, with microfilariasis cases as 1,9% and 2,3%. The microfilaria will infected the limfatic and evoke filariasis limfatic. Aim: To describe and to find out the relationships between: environmental and behaviour risk with the filariasis cases. Methode: This research used case control design with 52 cases and  control. Risk factor that include  is crowded house, existence of disch, water plant, marsh, rice field, dampoess, gaste at ventilation,  livestock in a home, habit to use certain,  to use use remedy agains grists, to stay out of the house in the night. Analisis mothede with univariat, bivariat and multivariate technique. Result: The result of the research showed that crowded house (OR=3,364), existence of gauze at ventilation (OR=3,600), existence livestock in home (OR=2,644),  habit using mosquito spraying/coil (OR=2,956), habit of staying outside the house in the night (OR=3,576),  is meaningful be fillariasis infection. The result of multivariate analysis found that the most potent variable that influent filariasis was existence crowded house, existence of gaste at ventilation, existence livestock in a home, habit of using anti mosquito drug , habit to stay out of the house in the night. Conclusion: That crowded house, existence of gaste at ventilation, existence livestock in a home,  habit to use remedy agains grists, habit to stay out of the house in the night is risk factor that the most dominant for fillariasis infection. Key Words : environmental, behavioral, fillariasis, Pekalongan regency
Analisis Spasial Sebaran Kasus Tuberkulosis Paru Ditinjau Dari Faktor Lingkungan Dalam dan Luar Rumah di Kabupaten PekalonganAnalisis Spasial Sebaran Kasus Tuberkulosis Paru Ditinjau Dari Faktor Lingkungan Dalam dan Luar Rumah di Kabupaten Pekalongan Ruswanto, Bambang; Nurjazuli, Nurjazuli; Raharjo, Mursid
Jurnal Kesehatan Lingkungan Indonesia Vol 11, No 1 (2012): April 2012
Publisher : Master Program of Environmental Health, Faculty of Public Health, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jkli.11.1.22-28

Abstract

Background : Pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) is caused by “mycobacterium tuberculosis”. In Pekalongan, the prevalence rate of TB is 1,08 per 1000 population. Approximately 75% of those is the economically productive group. No information of TB distribution based on the environmental characteristic. This research aimed to anlyze the association between demographic,  physical environment factors and to conduct spatial analysis of regional characteristics that influence the distribution of tuberculosis cases in Pekalongan Regency. Method: It  was an observasional research using case control design. Data analysis performed by chi-square  (univariate and bivariate analysis). Multivariate analysis uses logistic regression test to determine of risk factors which the association is significant with pulmonary tuberculosis. Result : The statistical test showed that occupancy density, ventilation area, humidity of room in the house, air temperature, natural lighting in the house, kind of floor, air temperature outside the house, knowledge, nutrition status, and contact with the cases (p=0,05). While the result of multivariate analysis proved that there are seven factors which have significantly association with tuberculosis: knowledge, occupancy density, temperature in the home, natural lighting in the house, kind of floor, nutrition status, and contact with cases (OR>1,00). It was recommended to improve thr physical environment of the house, increase investigation and counselling for amily contact in the same house.   Keywords: Risk factors, Pulmonary tuberculosis, Spatial analysis
Hubungan Riwayat Pajanan Pestisida Dengan Kejadian Gangguan Fungsi Hati (Studi pada Wanita Usia Subur di Kecamatan Kersana Kabupaten Brebes) Siwiendrayanti, Arum; Suhartono, Suhartono; Endah Wahyuningsih, Nur
Jurnal Kesehatan Lingkungan Indonesia Vol 11, No 1 (2012): April 2012
Publisher : Master Program of Environmental Health, Faculty of Public Health, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jkli.11.1.9-14

Abstract

Background: Women in Kecamatan Kersana Kabupaten Brebes also involved in farming activities using pesticides. Long term of pesticides exposure was able to cause many kinds of health disorder, including liver disfunction. Liver disfunction on women in childbearing-age would make bad impacts not only to themselves but also to their fetus when they were pregnant. Former research indicated that liver disfunction came as a result of pesticides exposure. Health Profiles of Kabupaten Brebes in 2007 and 2008 recorded increasing rate of liver disfunction. The objective of this research was to analize the assossiation between pesticides exposure and liver disfunction on women in childbearing-age at Kecamatan Kersana Kabupaten Brebes. Method : This was an explanatory research with cross sectional approach. This research took sample of 86 women in childbearing-age from four villages which were chosen purposively. Questionare, tool of blood sampling and laboratory testing, and sheet of laboratory result were used as instruments in this research. Data were collected by laboratory testing to blood samples and interviewing childbearing-age women. Result : All childbearing-age women had normal cholinesterase enzyme level, but 50% of them had cholinesterase enzyme below mean level. Envolvement of childbearing-age women in farming activities was 74,4%. Based on cholinesterase enzyme level and envolvement in farming activities, it was concluded that 33 childbearing-age women (38,4%) had pesticides exposure. Occurence of childbearing-age women to have liver disfunction was 23,3%. There was no assossiation between pesticides exposure and liver disfunction on women in childbearing-age (p=0,538). Pesticides exposure, together with other risk factors, also indicated no assossiation to liver disfunction on women in childbearing-age at Kecamatan Kersana Kabupaten Brebes (p=0,651). Keywords : women in childbearing-age, pesticides exposure, liver disfunction
Hubungan Riwayat Paparan Pestisida Dengan Profil Darah Pada Wanita Usia Subur di Daerah Pertanian Cabai Dan Bawang Merah Marinajati, Dwi; Endah Wahyuningsih, Nur; suhartono, suhartono
Jurnal Kesehatan Lingkungan Indonesia Vol 11, No 1 (2012): April 2012
Publisher : Master Program of Environmental Health, Faculty of Public Health, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jkli.11.1.61-67

Abstract

Background : Pesticides use is known to cause serious health impact ob human, one of them is abnormalities of blood profile. District of Brebes is one of the largest consumers of pesticides in Indonesia which correlate with its high production on chili and shallot. Most women of childbearing age in this area ara involved in farming which make them having great risk to have abnormalities of blood profile. The study conducted to search relation between pesticides exposure and blood profile on women child bearing age in agriculture area. Method : This was a cross-sectional study involving 80 women of childbearing age lived in agriculture area. Result : Involvement in agricultural activities (p=0,023, RP=1,52, 95%CI =1,00 to 2,29), pesticides exposure (p=0,007, RP=1,98, 95%CI=1,00 to 3,89), looking for pest (p=0,004, RP=1,52, 95% CI=1,12 to 2,04), harvesting (p=0,001, RP=1,69, 95% CI =0,19 to 2,39), releasing shallot from the stem (p=0,008, RP=1,44); 95%CI = 1.13 to 1,84) associated with increased of monocytes differential count. The result of logistic regression analysis showed pesticides exposure associated with increased of monocytes differential count (p=0,004, RP=7,50, 95% CI=1,92 to 29,29). Conclusion of the findings showed relation between pesticides exposure and increased of monocytes differential count. The finding of this study can be used for information dissemination and pesticide reduction programs in agriculture area.   Keywords: women of childbearing age, pesticide, chili, shallot and blood profile
Beberapa Faktor Yang Berhubungan Dengan Fungsi Tiroid Pada Pasangan Usia Subur (PUS) di Kecamatan Kersana Kabupaten Brebes Kusumawati, Ratnasari; Suhartono, Suhartono; Sulistiyani, Sulistiyani
Jurnal Kesehatan Lingkungan Indonesia Vol 11, No 1 (2012): April 2012
Publisher : Master Program of Environmental Health, Faculty of Public Health, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jkli.11.1.15-21

Abstract

Background  : Pesticide exposure on women who live in agricultural areas can cause health problems such as disruption of thyroid function. Pesticides can inhibit the binding of iodine by the body. Hypothyroidism can cause disturbances in female reproductive system, including disorders of puberty and menstruation, pre menstrual syndrome, sexual disfunction, birth defects and low birth weight infant. Goiter are usually be found in mountainous or highland areas but now mostly found in the lowlands. This is probably due to the exposure to heavy metals such as Pb, the use of hormonal contraceptives, and consumption of thiocyanate.  The purpose of this study was to identify some factors associated with thyroid function on child bearing age woman in  Kersana Subdistrict,  district of Brebes Method  : It was an observational research using cross-sectional design. Research was conducted in 4 villages namely Kemukten, Limbangan, Sutamaja and Kubangpari Kersana Brebes District. The subjects were 87 women. Data obtained from TSH, FT4 serum, Pb in blood, kholinesterase in blood, urinary iodine excretion, thiocyanate, measurement of nutritional status, the interview to find out the type of contraception used by couples. Data were analyzed using chi square test. Result  : The results showed that there was no correlation between levels of kholinesterase, Pb in blood, urinary iodine excretion, urinary thiocyanate, the type of contraception, age and BMI with thyroid function on child bearing age woman in Sub district of Kersana. There was no association between exposure of pesticides and Hypothyroid cases occured in Kersana Sub district. It was recomended that women of childbearing need to reduce the adverse impacts of pesticides by using personal protective equipment in agricultural activities and improve health and clean living, and  health department should monitor and regular inspection for kholinesterase levels in women of childbearing age who live in agricultural areas. Keywords : Pesticides expose, thyroid disfunction, child bearing age woman.
Faktor Risiko Lingkungandan Kebiasaan Penduduk Berhubungan Dengan Kejadian Filariasis di Distrik Windesi Kabupaten Kepulauan Yapen Provinsi Papua Sarungu Paiting, Yulius; Setiani, Onny; Sulistiyani, Sulistiyani
Jurnal Kesehatan Lingkungan Indonesia Vol 11, No 1 (2012): April 2012
Publisher : Master Program of Environmental Health, Faculty of Public Health, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jkli.11.1.76-81

Abstract

Background : Regency of Kepulauan Yapen through Finger Blood Survey in 2006 was established as a filariasis endemic region. In 2007 started the implementation of mass treatment was held once a year for 5 years. Based on the survey of microfilaria at January 2010, the microfilaria ratewas 2.06%, where the largest number of people was in the District Windesi. Method : The study was an analytic survey with a case control approach. Population was resident in the village of Saruman and Windesi. The determination of the cases and control was done trough screening tests and found 10 cases of Wuchereria bancrofti.The ratio 1: 2, then the number of samples was 30, which was matched by age, sex and type of work. Result : The results were characteristics of filariasis patients, 30% in ≤ 20 year age group (≥ 15 years) and 21-30 years, 50% as farmers, 70% low income level (<Rp. 500,000) and 60% low level education (elementary school). Physical environmental conditions (average temperature of 26.75 0C, humidity of 83.61%, and 275.5 mm of rainfall and wind speed 4.07 knots). Chemical environmental conditions had the average pH of 6.69 and 1.14% salinity.There was significant correlation between presences of a pool of water with the incidence of filariasis.There was not significant correlation between presencesof aquatic plants, habits of using musquito net, hanging clothes, outside the house at night, and conduct environmental management with the incidence of filariasis. The dominant risk factor are existence of forest/bush  (p value: 0.027, OR: 9.727; 95% CI: 1.290 to 73.333) and completeness of clothing when tappingof sago (p value: 0.045, OR: 7.327; 95 % CI: 1.048 to 51.213). Someone who lived in a house close to bushes/forest and has a habit of not using fully clothed when tapping of sago, the probability of suffering from filariasis of 79.43%. Keywords : filariasis, environmental risks, habit, Saruman, Windesi

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